{"id":1387,"date":"2020-09-25T17:24:45","date_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:24:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/?p=1387"},"modified":"2020-09-25T17:24:45","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T09:24:45","slug":"confusion-over-importance-of-tube-diameter-in-fireworks-hazard-rating-%e5%af%b9%e7%ae%a1%e5%be%84%e5%9c%a8%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89%e7%83%9f%e8%8a%b1%e7%88%86%e7%ab%b9%e5%8d%b1%e9%99%a9%e7%ba%a7%e5%88%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/2020\/09\/25\/confusion-over-importance-of-tube-diameter-in-fireworks-hazard-rating-%e5%af%b9%e7%ae%a1%e5%be%84%e5%9c%a8%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89%e7%83%9f%e8%8a%b1%e7%88%86%e7%ab%b9%e5%8d%b1%e9%99%a9%e7%ba%a7%e5%88%ab\/","title":{"rendered":"Confusion over importance of Tube Diameter in Fireworks Hazard Rating \u5bf9\u7ba1\u5f84\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u5371\u9669\u7ea7\u522b\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u56f0\u60d1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Topic: Confusion over importance of Tube Diameter in Fireworks Hazard Rating<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e3b\u9898<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><strong>\u5bf9\u7ba1\u5f84\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u5371\u9669\u7ea7\u522b\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u56f0\u60d1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Drafter:\u00a0 Matt Palaszynski (Dunpai Fireworks)<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005:\u9a6c\u7279(\u76fe\u724c\u70df\u82b1)<\/p>\n<p>The Liuyang Fireworks industry recognizes that leaders in Hunan Customs face a legal documentation problem where Beijing General Customs have made it very difficult for the Hunan Leaders to meet the needs of the Fireworks Industry and the legal requirements of General Customs of Beijing.<\/p>\n<p>\u6d4f\u9633\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u9886\u5bfc\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6587\u4ef6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u5f88\u96be\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u5317\u4eac\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>As leaders of the fireworks industry, we understand this difficult position of Hunan Customs.\u00a0\u00a0 Our goal is to help Hunan customs solve the \u201clegal issue\u201d in the General Customs documents and more importantly to reduce the true risk of fireworks shipping and transport.<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u4f5c\u4e3a\u70df\u82b1\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u89e3\u51b3\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898\u201d\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u964d\u4f4e\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u8fd0\u8f93\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Problem<\/strong><strong>\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u51fa\u53e3\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u68c0\u9a8c\u7ba1\u7406\u529e\u6cd5(2018\u4fee\u6539)\u73b0\u884c\u6709\u6548 \u00a0(\u53d1\u6587\u5b57\u53f7\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u4ee4\u7b2c238\u53f7)[\u672c\u6587\u5e95\u90e8\u9644\u6709\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6]<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 This document has been used since the year 2000.\u00a0\u00a0 In all of those years, the USA Standard for consumer fireworks (APA 87-1) has been considered to be a \u201chigher standard\u201d than the China Domestic laws and the UN Model Regulations.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Article 7 allows for the import country\u2019s standard to be used in place of China regulations if the import country has a \u201chigher standard\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Recently there has been some confusion over the tube diameter.\u00a0\u00a0 Since USA law does not have a tube diameter limitation, and some USA consumer cakes use 3 inch or even 4 inch \u201cfake tubes\u201d, the mistake has been made people think that these larger tubes are more dangerous.\u00a0\u00a0 However, this is an error.\u00a0\u00a0 We will explain below in Appendix A &amp; B that USA consumer cakes are in fact very safe (never a history of an explosion or injury in storage or transport \u2013 Appendix A) and we will explain what are the technical differences between the USA Regulations for consumer cakes and the UN Model Regulations and why the USA regulations are in fact \u201cmore strict\u201d. \u2013 Appendix B.<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u81ea2000\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u70df\u82b1\u6807\u51c6(APA 87-1)\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6bd4\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u6cd5\u548c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u793a\u8303\u6761\u4f8b\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u4ee4\u7b2c238\u53f7\u7b2c7\u6761\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u8fdb\u53e3\u56fd\u6709\u201c\u8f83\u9ad8\u6807\u51c6\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u53e3\u56fd\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6761\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u7ba1\u5f84\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6ca1\u6709\u9650\u5236\u7ba1\u7684\u76f4\u5f84\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u5730\u793c\u4f7f\u75283\u82f1\u5bf8\u751a\u81f34\u82f1\u5bf8\u7684\u201c\u5047\u7ba1\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u8ba9\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7ba1\u5b50\u66f4\u5371\u9669\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u4e0b\u6587\u9644\u5f55A\u548cB\u4e2d\u89e3\u91ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u5730\u793c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5b89\u5168\u7684(\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u50a8\u5b58\u6216\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e2d\u7206\u70b8\u6216\u53d7\u4f24\u7684\u5386\u53f2-\u9644\u5f55A)\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u89e3\u91ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u5730\u793c\u70df\u82b1\u6761\u4f8b\u4e0e\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u793a\u8303\u6761\u4f8b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6761\u4f8b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u201c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u201d\u3002-\u9644\u5f55B\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Summary:<\/strong>\u00a0 <em>Tube Diameter is not the most important factor for determining risk.\u00a0\u00a0 Hunan Customs must evaluate burst charge and packing density as higher risk factors th<\/em><em>a<\/em><em>n Tube Diameter<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u7ba1\u5f84\u4e0d\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u987b\u5bf9\u5f00\u82de\u836f\u548c\u5305\u88c5\u5bc6\u5ea6(\u4ea7\u54c1\u95f4\u8ddd,\u5355\u4f4d\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6)\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u624d\u662f\u7ba1\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Problem Immediate Solution:<\/strong><strong>\u95ee\u9898\u7acb\u5373\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>We note that the Problem is not an actual safety issue. In the past 20 years there has not been serious storage or transportation accident involving USA Consumer cakes.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Therefore, we feel this is more of a legal documentation issue as opposed to a true safety issue.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evidence of this is presented in Appendix A.<\/li>\n<li>Order #238, Article 7 states that the UN Model Regulations or the import Country\u2019s Standard can be used if the import Country has a \u201cHigher Standard\u201d. Appendix B will provide evidence that the USA\u2019s standard is in fact a \u201cHigher Standard\u201d (or equivalent) to the UN Model Regulations for Consumer Fireworks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>1.)\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u768420\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u6d89\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u5730\u793c\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u4ed3\u50a8\u6216\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e8b\u6545\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6587\u4ef6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u8f7d\u4e8e\u9644\u5f55A\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.)\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u7b2c238\u53f7\u547d\u4ee4\u7b2c7\u6761\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u53e3\u56fd\u6709\u201c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u201c\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5371\u9669\u8d27\u7269\u5efa\u8bae\u4e66\u89c4\u7ae0\u8303\u672c\u300b\u6216\u201c\u8fdb\u53e3\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u201d\u3002\u9644\u5f55B\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bc1\u636e\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5371\u9669\u8d27\u7269\u5efa\u8bae\u4e66\u89c4\u7ae0\u8303\u672c\u300b\u7684\u201c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u201c(\u6216\u540c\u7b49\u6807\u51c6)\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Long term Solution:<\/strong><strong>\u957f\u8fdc\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Because this is Legal Documentation issue, we believe the long term way to resolve this issue is to modify Order #238 (as was done in 2018).<\/li>\n<li>We suggest that Article 5 of Order #238 be amended to read. Manufacturers of export fireworks and firecrackers shall produce and store export fireworks and firecrackers in accordance with the relevant laws.\u00a0\u00a0 For export to the USA product should be built according to the Department of Transportation&#8217;s Hazardous Materials Regulations in Title 49, CFR and for USA consumer fireworks with the regulations of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) published in Title 16, CFR.\u00a0 For other import countries, follow the &#8220;United Nations Dangerous Goods Recommendation Model Regulations&#8221; and relevant laws and regulations.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *** Red is amended words.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>)\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6587\u6863\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u957f\u671f\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u4ee4\u7b2c238\u53f7\u4ee4\uff08\u59822018\u5e74\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u4ee4\u300a\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u5173\u4e8e\u4fee\u6539\u90e8\u5206\u89c4\u7ae0\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u300b\u4fee\u6539)<\/li>\n<li>)\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u7b2c238\u53f7\u4ee4\u7b2c5\u6761\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3a:\u51fa\u53e3\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u5f53\u4f9d\u7167\u6709\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u50a8\u5b58\u51fa\u53e3\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u3002\u51fa\u53e3\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8\u7b2c49\u5377\u4e2d\u7684\u5371\u9669\u6750\u6599\u6761\u4f8b\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u6761\u4f8b\u5236\u9020\uff0c\u51fa\u53e3\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u5e94\u7b26\u5408\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4ea7\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002(CPSC)\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u6807\u989816\uff0cCFR\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u53e3\u56fd\uff0c\u5e94\u9075\u5faa\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5371\u9669\u8d27\u7269\u5efa\u8bae\u4e66\u793a\u8303\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u548c\u6709\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u6761\u4f8b\u3002***\u7ea2\u8272\u5b57\u4f53\u662f\u4fee\u6b63\u8bcd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<li><\/li>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Appendix A: <\/strong>\u9644\u5f55A\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>This section contains proof that USA Consumer Fireworks cakes are very safe and have never caused any explosion or injury in storage or transportation.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Every year several Consumer Fireworks retail or warehouse storage locations are involved in an \u201cignition\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The results have always been a limited fire with no explosion and no injury caused by the fireworks themselves.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Most of these fires are caused by arson where people set the fires out of mischief or curiosity.\u00a0\u00a0 In some instances it is suspected that the fires were set intentionally as an attempt to collect fire insurance money.<\/p>\n<p>We have done a very fast internet search and identified three examples.\u00a0 There are many more examples for anyone willing to search:<\/p>\n<p>Example #1 &#8211; July 4<sup>th<\/sup>, 2019 5:45\u00a0a.m. Arson suspected in fireworks storage containers\u00a0near Davey Jones Fireworks, FORT MILL, S.C.<\/p>\n<p>Fire only, no explosion.\u00a0 No one hurt.\u00a0 Cars can be seen driving very near the fire.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsoctv.com\/news\/local\/massive-fire-breaks-out-at-fireworks-stand-in-fort-mill\/963857892\/\">https:\/\/www.wsoctv.com\/news\/local\/massive-fire-breaks-out-at-fireworks-stand-in-fort-mill\/963857892\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u5730\u793c\u70df\u82b1\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u5728\u50a8\u5b58\u6216\u8fd0\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9020\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u7206\u70b8\u6216\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u70df\u82b1\u96f6\u552e\u6216\u4ed3\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u5730\u70b9\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u8d77\u706b\u201d,\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u706b\u707e\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7206\u70b8\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u70df\u82b1\u672c\u8eab\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u706b\u707e\u5927\u591a\u662f\u7531\u7eb5\u706b\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u653e\u706b\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u6076\u4f5c\u5267\u6216\u597d\u5947\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u6000\u7591\u8fd9\u4e9b\u706b\u707e\u662f\u84c4\u610f\u7eb5\u706b\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u6536\u53d6\u706b\u707e\u4fdd\u9669\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u613f\u610f\u641c\u7d22\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6848\u4f8b#1 -2019\u5e747\u67084\u65e55:45\u4e0a\u5348\u6d89\u5acc\u7eb5\u706b\u7684\u70df\u82b1\u4ed3\u5e93\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6234\u7ef4\u743c\u65af\u70df\u82b1\uff0c\u798f\u7279\u78e8\u574a\uff0c\u5357\u5361\u7f57\u6765\u7eb3\u5dde\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u706b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6c7d\u8f66\u5728\u79bb\u706b\u5f88\u8fd1\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u884c\u9a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.wsoctv.com\/news\/local\/massive-fire-breaks-out-at-fireworks-stand-in-fort-mill\/963857892\/<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1388\" src=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1.png\" alt=\"1\" width=\"1680\" height=\"1050\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1.png 1680w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1-1024x640.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1680px) 100vw, 1680px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1389\" src=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2.png\" alt=\"2\" width=\"1595\" height=\"997\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2.png 1595w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2-1024x640.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1595px) 100vw, 1595px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Example #2 \u2013 Sept. 24, 2018, Stateline Fireworks &#8211; Winchester, NH.\u00a0 \u2013 Fire started by gunshot.\u00a0\u00a0 75 year old man arrested.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fire only, no injury.<\/p>\n<p>\u6848\u4f8b2\u20132018\u5e749\u670824\u65e5\uff0c\u5dde\u7ebf\u70df\u82b1-\u6e29\u5f7b\u65af\u7279\uff0c\u65b0\u7f55\u5e03\u4ec0\u5c14\u5dde\u3002\u2013\u67aa\u51fb\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u706b\u707e\u300275\u5c81\u7537\u5b50\u88ab\u6355\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u706b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unionleader.com\/news\/crime\/suspect-in-fire-at-winchester-fireworks-store-is-headed-to-court\/article_98d253bc-532f-5412-bad5-e2574050a55a.html\">https:\/\/www.unionleader.com\/news\/crime\/suspect-in-fire-at-winchester-fireworks-store-is-headed-to-court\/article_98d253bc-532f-5412-bad5-e2574050a55a.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1390\" src=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/3.jpg\" alt=\"3\" width=\"500\" height=\"751\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/3.jpg 500w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/3-199x300.jpg 199w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Example #3 &#8211; July 6, 2014 Gannett, TN.\u00a0 Fire only, no explosion.\u00a0 No injury.\u00a0\u00a0 Cars seen driving close to the fire.<\/p>\n<p>\u6848\u4f8b #3-2014\u5e747\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u7518\u5c3c\u7279\uff0cTN\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u706b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u770b\u5230\u6c7d\u8f66\u9a76\u8fd1\u706b\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.tennessean.com\/story\/news\/local\/2014\/07\/06\/east-tennessee-fireworks-engulfed-in-flames\/12272149\/<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1391\" src=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/4.png\" alt=\"4\" width=\"1680\" height=\"1050\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/4.png 1680w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/4-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/4-1024x640.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1680px) 100vw, 1680px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Examples of deadly fireworks accidents:\u00a0 (https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_fireworks_accidents_and_incidents)<\/p>\n<p>Here are examples of deadly international fireworks accidents and an analysis of what type of product has caused the accident.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Note that ZERO deadly accidents were caused by USA Consumer Fireworks.\u00a0\u00a0 27 accidents were caused by Factory Explosions.\u00a0\u00a0 This also represents China\u2019s greatest risk for accidents.\u00a0\u00a0 14 accidents were caused by 1.3g warehouses.\u00a0 10 accidents happened in nightclubs which were caused by small non-explosive fireworks that caused a fire.\u00a0 Finally 6 accidents happened in outdoor 1.3g displays.<\/p>\n<p>\u81f4\u547d\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a(https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_fireworks_accidents_and_incidents)<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u6545\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u81f4\u547d\u4e8b\u6545\u662f\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u70df\u82b1\u9020\u6210\u7684\u300227\u8d77\u4e8b\u6545\u662f\u7531\u5de5\u5382\u7206\u70b8\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u6545\u98ce\u9669\u300214\u8d77\u4e8b\u6545\u662f\u75311.3G\u4e13\u4e1a\u71c3\u653e\u70df\u82b1\u4ed3\u5e93\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u591c\u603b\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f10\u8d77\u975e\u7206\u70b8\u6027\u5c0f\u70df\u82b1\u5f15\u53d1\u706b\u707e\u4e8b\u6545\u3002\u6700\u540e\u5728\u5ba4\u59161.3G\u4e13\u4e1a\u71c3\u653e\u8868\u6f14\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u4e866\u8d77\u4e8b\u6545\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Table 1: Examples of deadly fireworks accidents:<\/strong>\u00a0 \u8868\u683c1:\u81f4\u6b7b\u70df\u82b1\u4e8b\u6545\u6570\u636e(https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_fireworks_accidents_and_incidents)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/5.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1395\" src=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/5.png\" alt=\"5\" width=\"935\" height=\"987\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/5.png 935w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/5-284x300.png 284w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 935px) 100vw, 935px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The important point of this table is that USA Consumer Fireworks have never caused a deadly accident.\u00a0\u00a0 And therefore do not pose the risk that Hunan Customs imagines.\u00a0\u00a0 The large USA tubes are fake and used for marketing purposes only.<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u8868\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u70df\u82b1\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u9020\u6210\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u4e8b\u6545\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u6784\u6210\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5927\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b52\u5b50\u662f\u5047\u7684\u5957\u7b52\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u8425\u9500\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>The real risk for accidents center on fireworks factories where loose powder &amp; large quantity of semi-finished goods create a mass explosion explosive danger.\u00a0\u00a0 Many deadly accident both inside and outside of China confirm this fact.\u00a0 Therefore the fireworks industry needs to focus on reducing factory manufacturing risk as the first priority.<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e8b\u6545\u98ce\u9669\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u6563\u843d\u7684\u7c89\u672b\u548c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u534a\u6210\u54c1\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7206\u70b8\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u5371\u9669\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u591a\u8d77\u81f4\u547d\u4e8b\u6545\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u884c\u4e1a\u9700\u8981\u628a\u51cf\u5c11\u5de5\u5382\u5236\u9020\u98ce\u9669\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>The next risk for Hunan Customs revolves around the storage and warehousing of 1.3g fireworks.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Keep in mind that some United Nations 1.4g fireworks are classified as 1.3g in USA.\u00a0\u00a0 This is due to the use of powerful flash powder for the burst charge and due to lack of spacers between tubes.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 So United Nations 1.4g cakes actually pose a much larger risk of causing deadly explosions than USA Consumer cakes.\u00a0\u00a0 This is a matter that should be taken very seriously by Hunan Customs.<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173,\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u98ce\u9669\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u51fa\u53e3\u76841.3G\u4e13\u4e1a\u71c3\u653e\u7c7b\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u3002\u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8fd0\u8f93\u6761\u4f8b\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\u76841.4G\u70df\u82b1\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u88ab\u5217\u4e3a1.3G\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u7c89\u672b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u82de\u836f\u548c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7b52\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8fd0\u8f93\u6761\u4f8b\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\u76841.4G\u5730\u793c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6bd4\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u5730\u793c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u7206\u70b8. \u8fd9\u662f\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba4\u771f\u5bf9\u5f85\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>USA 1.3g cakes and UN 1.4g cakes cause \u201csympathetic propagation\u201d due to the fact that each tube is touching one another with no \u201cair gap\u201d in-between.\u00a0\u00a0 This leads to one shot quickly igniting the shot next to it via shock and that leads to mass explosions.\u00a0\u00a0 These mass explosions are what cause deaths.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deaths are not caused by cake insert shells acting as deadly projectiles.\u00a0 Cake inserts do not contain enough kinetic energy to pose a serious threat of death in a transportation or storage accident.\u00a0\u00a0 Deaths are also not caused by fire unless there is a large crowd of people such as at a public display or indoor nightclub.\u00a0\u00a0 Public Displays and Nightclubs are not the not the responsibility of Hunan Customs.\u00a0\u00a0 Therefore, Hunan Customs should focus on \u201csympathetic propagation\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd1.3G\u5730\u793c\u548c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8fd0\u8f93\u6807\u51c6\u4e0b\u76841.4G\u5730\u793c\u5f15\u8d77\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u5feb\u901f\u4f20\u5bfc\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ba1\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u6c14\u9699\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u53d1\u70b9\u71c3\u540e\u5b58\u5728\u9020\u6210\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u7b52\u5b50\u4e5f\u88ab\u540c\u65f6\u70b9\u71c3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7206\u70b8(\u77ac\u7206)\u7684\u4e8b\u6545\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7206\u70b8\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5730\u793c\u7684\u5185\u7b52\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u629b\u5c04\u7269\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u5730\u793c\u7684\u5185\u7b52\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u52a8\u80fd\u5728\u8fd0\u8f93\u6216\u50a8\u5b58\u4e8b\u6545\u4e2d\u9020\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u9664\u975e\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u7fa4\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u516c\u5171\u5c55\u89c8\u6216\u5ba4\u5185\u591c\u603b\u4f1a\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u5185\u7b52\u5c04\u51fa\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u5927\u578b\u70df\u82b1\u71c3\u653e\u548c\u591c\u603b\u4f1a\u70df\u82b1\u71c3\u653e\u4e0d\u662f\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u5e94\u6ce8\u91cd\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u5feb\u901f\u4f20\u5bfc\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Wire Cages have been used in the past, but they have been used to reduce a 1.3g item to a 1.4g item.\u00a0\u00a0 For example, Dutch Cakes that are clearly 1.3g (per USA standards) are shipped in wire cages to change them to 1.4g.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The purpose of the wire cage is not to stop the small 30mm shells from flying.\u00a0\u00a0 The wire cages are intended to prevent \u201csympathetic propagation\u201d and reduce the chance of a mass explosion.\u00a0\u00a0 The Dutch are particularly aware of the risks of these powerful 1.4g UN Cakes because of the deadly Enschede fireworks disaster, where 23 people died.\u00a0\u00a0 So Europe uses wire cages to stop \u201csympathetic propagation\u201d, the wire cages are not designed to stop the small 30mm shell from flying.<\/p>\n<p>\u94c1\u7b3c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u66fe\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5c061.3G\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u964d\u4f4e\u52301.4G\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8377\u5170\u5730\u793c\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u662f1.3G\uff08\u6839\u636e\u7f8e\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\uff09\u662f\u8981\u52a0\u94c1\u7b3c\u8fd0\u8f93\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u964d\u4f4e\u52301.4G\u3002\u94c1\u7b3c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u963b\u6b62\u5c0f\u768430\u6beb\u7c73\u5185\u7b52\u98de\u884c\u3002\u94c1\u7b3c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u5feb\u901f\u4f20\u5bfc\u201d\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u53d1\u751f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u8377\u5170\u4eba\u7279\u522b\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b1.4G\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8fd0\u8f93\u6807\u51c6\u4e0b\u7684\u76c6\u82b1\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9020\u621023\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u6069\u65af\u8d6b\u5fb7\u70df\u706b\u707e\u96be\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6b27\u6d32\u4f7f\u7528\u94c1\u7b3c\u6765\u963b\u6b62\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u5feb\u901f\u4f20\u5bfc\u201d\uff0c\u94c1\u7b3c\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u963b\u6b6230\u6beb\u7c73\u7684\u5185\u7b52\u98de\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong>: Mass explosions are the main risk for Hunan Customs.\u00a0\u00a0 USA Consumer cakes do not mass explode.\u00a0\u00a0 We have 20 years of evidence and technical analysis to prove this point.\u00a0\u00a0 Wire Cages are used in Europe to prevent mass explosions.\u00a0 They are not used to stop small shells from shooting.\u00a0\u00a0 If the goal was to stop small shells, then every cake, including 1 inch and smaller would need a wire cage.\u00a0\u00a0 When evaluating risk of fireworks small shells should \u201cexcluded\u201d from the evaluation.\u00a0\u00a0 The UN Series 6c was written to classify Explosives and not fireworks.\u00a0\u00a0 Therefore, the evaluation criteria should exclude fireworks insert shells as these small paper projectiles do not pose any true deadly risk.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, fires started by fireworks at outdoor events or nightclubs are also a risk for fireworks in general, but Hunan Customs is not responsible.\u00a0\u00a0 Local fire officials can prevent these deaths by ensuring Fire Exits are available in buildings and restricting the use of indoor fireworks unless under supervisions of professionals.<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7206\u70b8\u662f\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u5730\u793c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u670920\u5e74\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u548c\u6280\u672f\u5206\u6790\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u94c1\u4e1d\u7b3c\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6765\u963b\u6b62\u5c0f\u70ae\u5f39(\u5185\u7b52)\u8ff8\u5c04\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u963b\u6b62\u5185\u7b52(\u7403)\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5730\u793c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec1\u82f1\u5bf8\u6216\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5730\u793c,\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u91d1\u5c5e\u7b3c\u3002\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5c06\u5185\u7b52(\u7403)\u6392\u9664\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7cfb\u52176c\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5206\u7c7b\u7206\u70b8\u7269\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u70df\u82b1\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6807\u51c6\u5e94\u6392\u9664\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u7684\u5185\u7b52(\u7403)\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u7b52(\u7403)\u4e0d\u6784\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6237\u5916\u6d3b\u52a8\u6216\u591c\u603b\u4f1a\u71c3\u653e\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u4e5f\u662f\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4f46\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u4e0d\u5bf9\u9700\u6b64\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u5f53\u5730\u6d88\u9632\u5b98\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u786e\u4fdd\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u6709\u9632\u706b\u51fa\u53e3\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u5e76\u9650\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u5ba4\u5185\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5728\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Appendix B: <\/strong><strong>\u9644\u5f55<\/strong><strong>B<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>This section contains technical evidence fireworks are \u201cmore strict\u201d then the UN Model Regulations or China Regulations.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p>USA Regulations Reference: <em>Department of Transportation&#8217;s Hazardous Materials Regulations in Title 49, CFR and for USA consumer fireworks with the regulations of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) published in Title 16, CFR.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u90e8\u5206\u5305\u542b\u6280\u672f\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u7f8e\u56fd\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u6bd4\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u793a\u8303\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u6216\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u66f4\u201c\u4e25\u683c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u89c4\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u8fd0\u8f93\u90e8\u7684\u5371\u9669\u6750\u6599\u6761\u4f8b\u7684\u7b2c49\u5377CFR,\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u70df\u82b1\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u4ea7\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a(CPSC)\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u6807\u989816\uff0cCFR\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanpyro.com\/assets\/docs\/PHMSADocs\/apa%20stand%2087-01.pdf\">https:\/\/www.americanpyro.com\/assets\/docs\/PHMSADocs\/apa stand 87-01.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Table 2: Technical Criteria for 1.4g Rating USA vs UN:<\/strong>\u00a0 \u8868\u683c2:\u7f8e\u56fd\u70df\u82b1\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u5bf9\u4e8e1.4G\u70df\u82b1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/6.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1392\" src=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/6.png\" alt=\"6\" width=\"352\" height=\"103\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/6.png 352w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/6-300x87.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Conclusion, the UN Standard and USA Standard have different risk criteria.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hunan Customs can\u2019t only focus on Tube Diameter as the main risk factor.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A total of four risk factors must be evaluated.<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u7ba1\u5f84\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u603b\u5171\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u98ce\u9669\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Table 3 will explain the reasons that USA cakes are less dangerous then cakes made per the UN Model Regulations.<\/p>\n<p>\u88683\u5c06\u89e3\u91ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u793c\u6bd4\u6839\u636e\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8fd0\u8f93\u793a\u8303\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u76c6\u82b1\u98ce\u9669\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Table 3: Analysis of Risk for USA 1.4g cake vs UN 1.4g cake<\/strong> <strong>\u8868<\/strong><strong>3:<\/strong><strong>\u5173\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u6807\u51c6<\/strong><strong>1.4G<\/strong><strong>\u5730\u793c\u4e0e\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6807\u51c6<\/strong><strong>1.4G<\/strong><strong>\u5730\u793c\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For Hunan Customs, the most common storage and transportation method for Consumer Fireworks will be in a 40 foot High Cube Metal Ocean Container.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 These containers typically hold 68 CBM of fireworks.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, in order to evaluate risk, Hunan Customs should look at the total Powder Weight and the total Flash Powder Weight in a full container of USA cakes vs UN Cakes.<\/p>\n<p>Using this evaluation it is clear to see that USA Cakes are in fact less dangerous and therefore the USA Regulations are \u201cMore Strict\u201d then the \u201cUN Model Regulations\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Therefore, USA Cakes &gt;30MM should be allowed to be classified as 1.4g as has been the tradition for more than 20 years.<\/p>\n<p>From this chart it is clear to see that the large USA 3 inch cakes are actually much safer for storage and transportation then the smaller, denser UN cakes.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In fact, the UN cakes contain about 200 times more of the powerful \u201cflash powder\u201d and about 10 times more total powder then the large 3 inch USA cakes.<\/p>\n<p>The reason the USA cakes have so much less powder is because they are mostly fake empty space used for marketing purposes to make them appear larger.\u00a0\u00a0 The goal is to \u201cmarket the items\u201d as more powerful, but in fact they are less powerful then the small, dense UN cakes.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u70df\u82b1\u50a8\u5b58\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u70df\u82b1\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a40\u82f1\u5c3a\u9ad8\u7684\u96c6\u88c5\u7bb1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u88c5\u7bb1\u4e00\u822c\u88c568\u7acb\u65b9\u7c73\u70df\u82b1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc4\u4f30\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u6e56\u5357\u6d77\u5173\u5e94\u67e5\u770b\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u793c\u4e0e\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u5730\u793c\u5168\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u603b\u836f\u91cf\u548c\u603b\u70b8\u836f\u91cd\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u793c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6761\u4f8b\u662f\u6bd4\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u793a\u8303\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u201c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u793c30Mm\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a1.4G\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc720\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u8868\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd3\u82f1\u5bf8(\u5b9e\u9645\u4e3a2.25\u82f1\u5bf8\u7684\u7403\u6216\u8005\u5185\u7b52)\u7684\u5730\u793c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5730\u793c,\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u793c\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a40\u5c3a\u96c6\u88c5\u7bb1\u4e2d,\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u7684\u5730\u793c\u76f8\u6bd4\u7f8e\u7ebf3\u5bf89\u53d1\u5730\u793c\u542b\u6709\u7684\u767d\u836f\u9ad8200\u500d,\u603b\u836f\u91cf\u6bd4\u7f8e\u7ebf\u76843\u5bf89\u53d1\u592710\u500d.<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u836f\u91cf\u5c11\u5f97\u591a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u8425\u9500\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u9694\u7a7a\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u201c\u63a8\u9500\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u54c1\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5a01\u529b\u4e0d\u5982\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7684\u5c0f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u793c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f3a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Summary: UN cakes in a normal shipping container, contain 200 more dangerous flash powder and 10 times more total powder.<\/p>\n<p>\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u7684\u5730\u793c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u96c6\u88c5\u7bb1\u4e2d\uff0c\u542b\u6709200\u500d\u7684\u767d\u836f\u548c10\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u603b\u836f\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/7.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1393\" src=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/7.png\" alt=\"7\" width=\"798\" height=\"106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/7.png 798w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/7-300x39.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 798px) 100vw, 798px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>USA 3 inch 9 Shot cake vs UN 30mm 16 shot cake<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7f8e\u7ebf<\/strong><strong>3<\/strong><strong>\u5bf8<\/strong><strong>9<\/strong><strong>\u53d1\u5730\u793c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u4e0b\u7684<\/strong><strong>1.2<\/strong><strong>\u5bf8<\/strong><strong>16<\/strong><strong>\u53d1\u5730\u793c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The USA cake looks much larger and more dangerous, but in fact it contains much less total powder weight per CBM because it is mostly fake tubes, and empty space used to \u201cmarket\u201d the item.<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u7ebf\u7684\u5730\u793c\u4f53\u79ef\u5927\u5f88\u591a\u5e76\u5a01\u529b\u66f4\u5927,\u4f46\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u603b\u836f\u91cf\u66f4\u5c0f,\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5047\u7684\u7b52\u7ba1\u548c\u7528\u4e8e\u5e02\u573a\u8425\u9500\u7684\u5927\u4f53\u79ef.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/8.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1394\" src=\"http:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/8.png\" alt=\"8\" width=\"958\" height=\"684\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/8.png 958w, https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/8-300x214.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 958px) 100vw, 958px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Final Conclusion:<\/strong><strong>\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Article 7 of import country laws to be used if they are \u201cstricter\u201d than the UN Model Regulations.<\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u53e3\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u68c0\u9a8c\u7ba1\u7406\u529e\u6cd5(2018\u4fee\u6539)\u73b0\u884c\u6709\u6548 \u00a0(\u53d1\u6587\u5b57\u53f7\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u4ee4\u7b2c238\u53f7)<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e03\u6761 \u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u5e94\u5f53\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fdb\u53e3\u56fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d38\u6613\u5408\u540c\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4\u89c4\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\uff0c\u6309\u5176\u6807\u51c6\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>We have proven both though 20 years of examples of No Accidents and through Technical Analysis that the USA law is in fact stricter for consumer cakes.<\/p>\n<p>The main reason that USA law is \u201cstricter\u201d is that it limits the very powerful \u201cflash powder\u201d which is about 10 times more powerful than normal Black Powder.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Also, the USA requires at least 13mm gap between each tube.\u00a0\u00a0 This space does two things.\u00a0\u00a0 1.) It limits the total number of \u201ccakes\u201d that can be loaded into a shipping container.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2.) The empty space acts to absorb the shock from one shot to another and prevents \u201csympathetic propagation\u201d which is the technical factor that leads to deadly explosions.<\/p>\n<p>Conclusion:\u00a0 Per Article 7 of Order 238, USA Regulations are \u201cstricter\u201d then the UN Model Regulations, therefore Hunan Customs should allow CIQ certificates to be issued for all USA cakes made per the USA Regulations (as has been done for the last 20 years without any storage or shipping accidents from USA consumer cakes in China or abroad).<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc720\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u65e0\u4e8b\u6545\u6848\u4f8b\u548c\u6280\u672f\u5206\u6790\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6d88\u8d39\u5730\u793c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u201c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u201d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u201c\u767d\u836f\u201d\uff0c\u5a01\u529b\u5927\u7ea6\u662f\u666e\u901a\u9ed1\u836f\u768410\u500d\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8981\u6c42\u6bcf\u6839\u7ba1\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u81f3\u5c11\u670913\u6beb\u7c73\u7684\u95f4\u9699\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u505a\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u30021.)\u5b83\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u88c5\u5165\u8239\u8fd0\u96c6\u88c5\u7bb1\u7684\u201c\u5730\u793c\u201d\u7684\u603b\u6570\u30022.)\u7a7a\u65f7\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u5438\u6536\u51b2\u51fb\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4e86\u201c\u4ea4\u611f\u4f20\u64ad\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u81f4\u547d\u7206\u70b8(\u6574\u4f53\u7206\u70b8)\u7684\u6280\u672f\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u6839\u636e238\u53f7\u4ee4\u7b2c7\u6761\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u89c4\u6bd4\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u793a\u8303\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u201c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6e56\u5357\u7701\u6d77\u5173\u5e94\u5141\u8bb8\u6839\u636e\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u89c4\u7b7e\u53d1\u6240\u6709\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u793c\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u68c0\u75ab\u8bc1\u4e66\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb20\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u86cb\u7cd5\u7684\u50a8\u5b58\u6216\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e8b\u6545\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9644\u4ef6:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u51fa\u53e3<\/strong><em><strong>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/strong><\/em><strong>\u68c0\u9a8c\u7ba1\u7406\u529e\u6cd5<\/strong><strong>(2018<\/strong><strong>\u4fee\u6539<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong>\u73b0\u884c\u6709\u6548<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u5e03\uff1a2018-04-28\u5b9e\u65bd\uff1a2018-05-01<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u6587\u5b57\u53f7\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u4ee4\u7b2c238\u53f7<\/p>\n<p>\u6548\u529b\u7ea7\u522b\u90e8\u95e8\u89c4\u7ae0<\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u6548\u6027\u73b0\u884c\u6709\u6548<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u5e03\u65e5\u671f2018-04-28<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u65bd\u65e5\u671f2018-05-01<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u5e03\u673a\u5173\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4fee\u8ba2<\/p>\n<p>1999\u5e7412\u67082\u65e5\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fa\u5165\u5883\u68c0\u9a8c\u68c0\u75ab\u5c40\u4ee4\u7b2c9\u53f7\u53d1\u5e03<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e2018\u5e744\u670828\u65e5\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u4ee4\u7b2c238\u53f7\u300a\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u5173\u4e8e\u4fee\u6539\u90e8\u5206\u89c4\u7ae0\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u300b\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u6587<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u52a0\u5f3a\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u516c\u5171\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u4eba\u8eab\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5bf9\u5916\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\u68c0\u9a8c\u6cd5\u300b\u53ca\u5176\u5b9e\u65bd\u6761\u4f8b\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u672c\u529e\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u5168\u56fd\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6d77\u5173\u8d1f\u8d23\u6240\u8f96\u5730\u533a\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u91c7\u53d6\u4ea7\u5730\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e0e\u53e3\u5cb8\u67e5\u9a8c\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u56db\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6d77\u5173\u5bf9\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\u5b9e\u65bd\u767b\u8bb0\u7ba1\u7406\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\u767b\u8bb0\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6309\u300a\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\u767b\u8bb0\u7ec6\u5219\u300b\u529e\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e94\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u5f53\u6309\u7167\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5371\u9669\u8d27\u7269\u5efa\u8bae\u4e66\u89c4\u7ae0\u8303\u672c\u300b\u548c\u6709\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u6cd5\u89c4\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u50a8\u5b58\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u516d\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u7533\u8bf7\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5411\u6d77\u5173\u63d0\u4ea4\u300a\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\u58f0\u660e\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e03\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u5e94\u5f53\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fdb\u53e3\u56fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d38\u6613\u5408\u540c\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4\u89c4\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\uff0c\u6309\u5176\u6807\u51c6\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u516b\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6d77\u5173\u5bf9\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u53e3\u6216\u8005\u539f\u6750\u6599\u3001\u914d\u65b9\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u7684<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u5e94\u5f53\u5b9e\u65bd\u70df\u706b\u836f\u5242\u5b89\u5168\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u5bf9\u957f\u671f\u51fa\u53e3\u7684<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u5e94\u5f53\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u70df\u706b\u836f\u5242\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u80fd\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e5d\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u76db\u88c5\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\u5305\u88c5\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6807\u6709\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u5371\u9669\u8d27\u7269\u5305\u88c5\u6807\u8bb0\u548c\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u767b\u8bb0\u4ee3\u7801\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u6d77\u5173\u5e94\u5f53\u5bf9\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u8fd0\u8f93\u5305\u88c5\u8fdb\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\u9274\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u5916\u5305\u88c5\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u89c4\u683c\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\u767b\u8bb0\u4ee3\u7801\u7b49\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u5426\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u7ecf\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e88\u653e\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u5341\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u51e1\u7ecf\u68c0\u9a8c\u5408\u683c\u7684\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\uff0c\u7531\u6d77\u5173\u5728\u5176\u8fd0\u8f93\u5305\u88c5\u660e\u663e\u90e8\u4f4d\u52a0\u8d34\u9a8c\u8bab\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5404\u53e3\u5cb8\u4e0e\u5185\u5730\u6d77\u5173\u5e94\u5f53\u5bc6\u5207\u914d\u5408\u3001\u5171\u540c\u628a\u5173\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u68c0\u9a8c\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6d77\u5173\u6bcf\u5e74\u5e94\u5f53\u5bf9\u6240\u8f96\u5730\u533a\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u8d28\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u4e66\u9762\u62a5\u544a\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\uff0c\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u5bf9\u5404\u5173\u51fa\u53e3<em>\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9<\/em>\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u7763\u62bd\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8fdd\u53cd\u672c\u529e\u6cd5\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\u68c0\u9a8c\u6cd5\u300b\u53ca\u5176\u5b9e\u65bd\u6761\u4f8b\u7684\u6709\u5173\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e88\u4ee5\u884c\u653f\u5904\u7f5a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u529e\u6cd5\u6240\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4e66\u7531\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u53e6\u884c\u5236\u5b9a\u5e76\u4e14\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e94\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u529e\u6cd5\u7531\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72\u8d1f\u8d23\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u5341\u516d\u6761<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u529e\u6cd5\u81ea2000\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u8d77\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Topic: Confusion over importance of Tube Diameter in Fireworks Hazard Rating \u4e3b\u9898:\u5bf9\u7ba1\u5f84\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u70df\u82b1\u7206\u7af9\u5371\u9669\u7ea7\u522b\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u56f0\u60d1 Drafter:\u00a0 Matt Palaszynski (Dunpai Fireworks) \u4f5c\u8005:\u9a6c\u7279(\u76fe\u724c\u70df\u82b1) The Liuyang Fireworks industry recognizes that leaders in Hunan Customs face a legal documentation problem where Beijing General Customs have made it &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/2020\/09\/25\/confusion-over-importance-of-tube-diameter-in-fireworks-hazard-rating-%e5%af%b9%e7%ae%a1%e5%be%84%e5%9c%a8%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89%e7%83%9f%e8%8a%b1%e7%88%86%e7%ab%b9%e5%8d%b1%e9%99%a9%e7%ba%a7%e5%88%ab\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[135],"tags":[146,147,153,152,149,154,150,151],"class_list":["post-1387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-135","tag-1-3g-fireworks","tag-1-4g-fireworks","tag-3-inch-cake","tag-consumer-cake","tag-dp-fireworks","tag-fireworks-hazard-ratings","tag-fireworks-regulations","tag-un-fireworks-regulations"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1387","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1387"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1387\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1396,"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1387\/revisions\/1396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1387"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1387"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dpfireworks.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1387"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}